Chapter One — 1.1 Background to the Study

Social Welfare Policy has increasingly attracted the attention of researchers, regulators, and practitioners concerned with quality of life of the elderly. This growing interest reflects the recognition that social welfare policy does not operate in isolation, but interacts with a wider set of institutional and market conditions found within Oyo State.

Oyo State presents a useful setting for examining this relationship precisely because the conditions there — structural, regulatory, and behavioural — differ from those typically assumed in the broader literature, most of which draws on evidence from more developed economies.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

While social welfare policy is widely discussed in policy and industry circles, empirical evidence on its actual effect on quality of life of the elderly within Oyo State remains sparse and, in places, contradictory. This lack of localized, rigorous evidence makes it difficult for decision-makers to know with confidence whether current approaches to social welfare policy are helping or hindering quality of life of the elderly — a gap this study sets out to close.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1. To examine the effect of Social Welfare Policy on quality of life of the elderly in Oyo State.
2. To assess the extent to which social welfare policy influences quality of life of the elderly within the study area.
3. To identify the challenges associated with social welfare policy in relation to quality of life of the elderly.
4. To recommend strategies for optimizing social welfare policy in order to improve quality of life of the elderly.

1.4 Research Questions

1. What is the effect of social welfare policy on quality of life of the elderly in Oyo State?
2. To what extent does social welfare policy influence quality of life of the elderly within the study area?
3. What challenges are associated with social welfare policy in relation to quality of life of the elderly?
4. What strategies can be adopted to optimize social welfare policy in order to improve quality of life of the elderly?

1.5 Significance of the Study

Beyond its academic contribution to the field of social work, this study has practical value for management teams within Oyo State seeking to understand how social welfare policy translates into measurable outcomes around quality of life of the elderly. It is equally useful to students and future researchers looking for a localized empirical reference on this relationship.

1.6 Scope of the Study

The study is limited to an examination of Social Welfare Policy and its relationship with quality of life of the elderly within the context of Oyo State. It reflects a clearly defined scope of analysis and relies on data and perspectives available within that scope; generalizing the findings beyond this specific context should therefore be done with appropriate caution.